大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第5冊(cè)課文全文翻譯

1、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第 5 冊(cè)和第 6 冊(cè)全文課文翻譯A Kind of SermonIt is probably easier for teachers than for students to一番說教也許老師比學(xué)生更容易理解 ，為什么學(xué)生在掌握了英語(yǔ)基本結(jié)構(gòu)和句型后英語(yǔ)appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become 學(xué)習(xí)反而變得越來(lái)越困難了 。學(xué)生們自然 感到驚奇并失望

2、地發(fā)現(xiàn)本來(lái)應(yīng)該變得越來(lái)increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of 越容易的學(xué)習(xí)過程卻完全不是那么回事。the language have been understood. Students are naturally 學(xué)生們并不感到多少安慰 ，在知道老師在其努力所產(chǎn)生的效果似乎不及一開始surprised and disappointed to dis

3、cover that a process which 明顯也會(huì)灰心喪氣 。他發(fā)現(xiàn)那些學(xué)生很容 易去教，為他們能把所學(xué)的知識(shí)很快的用ought to become simpler does not appear to do so. 于實(shí)踐?？涩F(xiàn)在，他們卻面對(duì)前階段中從It may not seem much consolation to point out that the 未學(xué)過的大量生詞 ， 慣用法顯得躊躇不前。他看到學(xué)生們?cè)谄D難地努

4、力著 ，因?yàn)閠eacher, too, becomes frustrated when his efforts appear to 他們以前認(rèn)為已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)在似乎充produce less obvious results. He finds that students who were 滿了令人頭昏眼花的成語(yǔ) ，陳舊用語(yǔ)以及在不同上下文中有不同含義的慣用詞組 。easy to teach, because they succeede

5、d in putting everything 要想讓他們相信他們?nèi)猿ǖ姆较虬l(fā)展，他們英語(yǔ)就一定提高是很困難的 。并they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confrontedwith the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage且，只要肯花時(shí)間和持之以恒。有些學(xué)生在此情況下厭惡地放棄了學(xué)習(xí)，這并不出人意外

6、 ；同時(shí)，另一些學(xué)生which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks. He sees them 仍然充滿希望地盼著老師象開始時(shí)那樣給他們以滿懷信心的指導(dǎo) 。從教師這方面struggling because the language they thought they knew now 看，由于往往不得不去講解一些無(wú)法說清appears to consist of a bewilderin

7、g variety of idioms, clichéd and楚的東西，他常常會(huì)對(duì)同事們引用一些諺語(yǔ)權(quán)充臺(tái)階，比如：你能牽馬河邊走 ，馬accepted phrases with different meanings in different contexts. It 不飲水你自愁， 或說得比較尊重對(duì)方但語(yǔ) 法并不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)：倒不在乎說什么 ，關(guān)鍵瞧您is hard to convince them that they are

8、still making progress 怎么說。他的學(xué)生則會(huì)反唇相譏道 ：我越towards fluency and that their English is certain to improve, 學(xué)越糊涂。事實(shí)當(dāng)然并非如此 。師生們正體驗(yàn)著一種given time and dedication.In such circumstances it is hardly surprising that some give共識(shí)，即學(xué)習(xí)中

9、遇到的較復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)在表達(dá)思想中并非至關(guān)重要 ，因此也就少有可能立刻派上用場(chǎng) 。出于同樣的理由 ，up in disgust, while others still wait hopefully for the teacher to 在老師看來(lái)，恰當(dāng)?shù)剡x擇教材變得更困難pick up the first book they come across. My own advice to them 各地為這些自由而奮斗著。與此同時(shí)還存在著第

10、五種自由，也是上述四would be: “read what you can understand without having to look種自由之基石，我們有丟失它的危險(xiǎn)。它是達(dá)到個(gè)人成就頂峰的自由 ，在法國(guó)作家圣??？诵菖羥p words in a dictionary (but not what you can understand at a 里的作品里，一個(gè)破衣爛衫卻長(zhǎng)得聰明伶俐的阿glance); read what in

11、terests you; read what you have time for拉伯少年，經(jīng)常閑逛于北非某城市，被描寫成一個(gè)被埋沒的莫扎特，他不可能受到訓(xùn)練或培養(yǎng)。(magazines and newspapers rather than novels unless you can 這個(gè)孩子有自由嗎 ？“ 在還來(lái)得及的時(shí)候卻得為到培養(yǎng)。你也許很可能有著與生俱來(lái)的成為詩(shī)read the whole novel in a week or s

12、o); read the English written 人、音樂家或天文學(xué)家的潛能，但卻不可能被喚醒了。完善自我的自由是一種讓每個(gè)人把自己的today, not 200 years ago; read as much as you can and try to 能力發(fā)展到最高水平的機(jī)會(huì)。remember the way it was written rather than individual words 在美國(guó)我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)開始失去這

13、一自由呢？如何為我國(guó)的青年人重新獲得這一自由呢？它之that puzzled you.“ And instead of “read“, I could just as well say 所以開始從我們身邊悄然離去，我認(rèn)為是由于以下三種誤解所導(dǎo)致的。首先是對(duì)民主的誤解。在“l(fā)isten to.“ 費(fèi)城、一所名牌中學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)被迫大聲疾呼，號(hào)召人們反對(duì)一種觀點(diǎn)，即認(rèn)為給尖子生吃小灶是不My advice to teachers would be

14、 similar in a way. I would say民主的。再如，當(dāng)孟菲斯的一所教學(xué)質(zhì)量好的私“It's no good thinking that anything will do, or that all language 立學(xué)校在不久前停辦時(shí)，一些有頭腦的市民力主將其納入公立學(xué)校系統(tǒng) ，專門用來(lái)培養(yǎng)尖子人is useful. It's no good relying on students to expre

15、ss themselves 才。他們主張要設(shè)入學(xué)條件并為有興趣、有能力的學(xué)生提供高級(jí)研修課程。然而這項(xiàng)建議竟遭反without the right tools for expression. It's still your duty to 對(duì)，理由是這樣做不民主！據(jù)此，課程均被定位在中等難度。尖子生未受到挑戰(zhàn)，情緒低落，差 choose the best path to follow near the top of the mo

16、untain just生也能及格。沒有為優(yōu)等生開設(shè)的培優(yōu)課程，沒as it was to propose a practicable short-cut away from the 有每位男女生都必須達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)反而帶來(lái)了民主。beaten track in the foothills. And if the path you choose is too 其次是對(duì)幸福的誤解。我們當(dāng)今文化的取向明白無(wú)誤地直指安逸和物質(zhì)享受，更少的日工作ov

17、ergrown to make further progress, the whole party will have to小時(shí)和周工作日，干得更少，拿得更多，更多的go back and you will have to choose another route. You are still 滑頭的借口，更少實(shí)實(shí)在在的要求。反映到我們的學(xué)校里，便是精神病醫(yī)生取代了教鞭。以前用the paid guide and expert and